NPN vs. PNP: Menene bambanci?
2025-05-21 94639

Idan kun yi aiki tare da transists, masu son su, ko tsarin sarrafawa, wataƙila kun ga sharuɗɗan NPN da PNP.Wadannan masu watsa bayanai na NPN da PNP sune abubuwan haɗin da ake amfani dasu don sarrafa su ko haɓaka sigina na lantarki.Ana samun su sau da yawa a cikin da'irori don juyawa ko haɓaka.Wannan labarin ya yi bayanin yadda waɗannan nau'ikan transress guda biyu suke aiki, yadda suke daban, inda suke amfani da su, da kuma yadda suke shafar na'urorin da aka haɗa.Wannan jagorar zata taimaka muku fahimtar NPN da PNP na transists a cikin tsarin lantarki na yau da kullun.

Tsarin litattafai

Hoto na 1. NPN DA SIFFOFIN PNP

Menene NPN Transistor?

Wata NPN transistor wani nau'in transistor ne (BJT) daga yadudduka na n-nau'in yadudduka biyu raba ta bakin ciki p-Type.NPN transists, da yawa ake kira "SMARSors na'urori" ana amfani da su a cikin da'irar lantarki don saurin ta, inganci, da masana'antar ingantaccen masana'antu.NPN transistors sun dace musamman don high-sauri sauya saboda wayoyin-sigina da aka yi amfani da su a matsayin masu ɗaukar nauyin farko da aka yi amfani da su a cikin masu siyar da PNP.Wannan mafi girman motsi yana ba da amsa sau da sauri, yana yin masu binciken NPN ya yi kyau don aikace-aikacen tsauri kamar lissafin dijital, sadarwa, & sarrafa sigina.

Menene siyar da PNP?

Masu binciken PNP, ake magana a kai "masu sonshin ruwa".Sirrin PNP wani nau'in transistor (BJT) ya kunshi yadudduka biyu na P-Typecortorcor biyu daban.Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa a tsarin da ake amfani da siginar fitarwa ta haɓaka, a daidaita tare da daidaitaccen taron dabaru.Ana amfani da masu musayar PNP a cikin yanayin sarrafawa na masana'antu, kamar tsarin aiki da aminci.Surar da ke haifar da kayan aikinsu na yau da kullun maimakon ɗaukar kaya maimakon ta sa su dace da canje-canje da keɓance-canje-canje.

Ta yaya NPN da masu binciken PNP suke aiki?

Duk da bambance-bambancen tsarin su, NPN da masu binciken PNP suna aiki akan wannan ƙa'idar: ƙaramin halin yanzu yana sarrafa mafi girma tsakanin na yau da kullun tsakanin Eritter & mai tarawa.Abin da ya kafa su baya shine shugabanci na kwarara na yanzu & nau'in cajin carfiers-Wayar lantarki don NPN, ramuka don PNP.

Hoto na 2. Npn transistor yana aiki da ka'idodi

NPN transistor aiki aiki

Aikin wani Revistor na NPN ya dogara da sarrafa na yanzu tsakanin Emitter & mai tara ta hanyar daidaita tushe na yanzu.Lokacin da a karamin ƙarfin lantarki Ana amfani da shi tsakanin tushen & Emitter (Jun Ingila Junction Basecter), Wordrson yana kwarara daga n-nau'in Emitter a cikin P-Typemter a cikin p-nau'in tushe.

Tunda tushe yakan kunkuntar & ɗauka mai sauƙi, ƙaramin yanki ne na wayoyin lantarki a gindin a gindi.Yawancin wutan lantarki sun wuce ta ginin & suna jan hankalin mai tattarawa, wanda ya juya-da-kai, yana ba da babban mai tattarawa a halin yanzu.Wannan tsari yana haifar da tushen aikin watsa shirye-shirye na NPN.

Da Tattara na yanzu (IC) an sarrafa kai tsaye ta hanyar Base na yanzu (IB).Wannan rabo (Ic / Ib) Yana bayyana ribar yanzu (β) na NPN transistor.

Npn transistor yana aiki cikin yankuna uku dangane da yadda tushen tushen-da-tushe ne ke nuna kai.Kowane yanki yana tantance halayen masu watsa shirye-shirye a cikin da'ira.

A cikin yankin da aka aiki, Jun-Emeret ɗin da ke gaba suna gaba-bibiyar da aka nuna, yayin da Jun junkutar da ke tattare da tushe ta juyawa.A karkashin wadannan yanayin, da transistor aiki a matsayin amplifier na yanzu.Karamin tushe na yanzu yana ba da damar mafi girma na yanzu don gudana daga mai tara zuwa Emitter.Yawancin wuraren wayoyin lantarki suna tafiya ta hanyar tushe kuma ku isa ga taron.

A cikin yankin cutoff, duka biyu na tushe da kuma jabu-tushe-mai karaya-mai karaya sun juya baya.A sakamakon haka, mai fassara yana da inganci a cikin jihar kashe, & babu na yanzu yana gudana ta hanyar mai tattarawa.Ana amfani da wannan yankin da aka saba amfani lokacin da transistor yana buƙatar yin aiki azaman canjin canzawa.

A cikin Saturation yanki, duka biyu da tushe-emiter da tushe-mai karaya-tushe suna gaba-kai tsaye.Wannan yanayin ya juye da transistor gaba daya, bada iyakar matsakaiciyar na yanzu don gudana daga mai tara zuwa Emitter.A wannan yankin, mai canzawa yana nuna cewa ana amfani da rufaffiyar sauyawa & ana amfani dashi a aikace-aikacen Canjin dijital.

Hoto na 3. Canjin PNP yana aiki da ka'idodi na aiki

PNP transistor aiki aiki

Ka'idar aiki na masu binciken PNP sun dogara ne da sarrafa kwararar da ke gudana daga Emiter zuwa mai tattarawa ta hanyar bambance karamar tushe.Ba kamar masu fassara npn ba, wanda ke amfani da zaɓaɓɓu kamar yadda yawancin masu ɗaukar nauyi, aikin watsa tallace-tallace na PNP ya dogara da ramuka a matsayin masu ɗaukar nauyin farko.Tsarin Transistor na PNP yana canza canje-canje dangane da yadda aka nuna yadda aka nuna ke da hankali.Wadannan halaye sun ayyana mahimman yankuna uku masu amfani da transistor: aiki, cuku, da jikina.

A takaice, bambanci a aikace tsakanin NPN da PNP transists karya ne a cikin halin yanzu & polarity.NPN transists a lokacin da tushe ya fi kyau fiye da Emitter, ba da damar yanzu don ya kwarara daga tarurruka zuwa Emitter ta amfani da wayoyin.Masu siyar da PNP yayin da tushe ya fi kyau fiye da Emitter, ba da damar yanzu don kwarara daga Emiter don tattarawa ta amfani da ramuka.Dukansu suna aiki a cikin aiki, yankuna masu sassauci, da kuma kishiyarsu da kuma cajinsu suna ayyana ayyukansu a cikin da'irori.

Na'urar kaya - PNP Vs. NPN fitarwa

Na'urorin Load ɗin na iya aiki tare da abubuwan haɗin PNP & NPN, suna ba da sassauƙa yayin tsara da'irar & haɗe-haɗe, da bawuloli, da bawuloli.

Hoto na 4. PNP (Surako)

A cikin PNP (Minding), sensor ko sarrafa sarrafawa yana samar da ingantaccen wutar lantarki zuwa nauyin.Ana haɗa nauyin lantarki tsakanin fitarwa & mara kyau (gama gari) gefen wutar lantarki.Lokacin da fitarwa ya juya, na yanzu yana gudana daga fitarwa zuwa kaya sannan ƙasa.Wannan saitin ana amfani dashi a tsarin da babban sigina ke nuna kunnawa kuma ya dace da Safeloids sanye da kariyar Doode don toshe EMF.

Hoto na 5. Npn (nutsewa)

A cikin NPN (STINGING), sensor ko sarrafa sarrafawa yana ba da hanya ƙasa.An haɗa nauyin tsakanin ingantaccen wadata da fitarwa.Lokacin da fitarwa ya juya, na yanzu daga samar da wutar lantarki, ta hanyar kaya, kuma a cikin fitarwa (toasa).Wannan saitin ya dace da tsarin da ƙarancin sigina yana nuna kunnawa & kuma yana aiki da kyau tare da kariya ta ruwa.Ikon amfani da ko dai nau'in fitarwa sauƙaƙe tsarin tsarin & yana goyan bayan sassauci a cikin mahalli kamar kayan aiki kamar kayan aiki na masana'antu.

Aikace-aikace na NPN da PNP transists

Roƙo Wuri	Npn Aikace-aikacen transistor	PNP Aikace-aikacen transistor
Da'awar dabaru	Amfani da shi azaman saurin juyawa a Microcontroller Abubuwan fashewa & Logic Gates	Kasa da kowa, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin da'irori masu buƙatar Ingantacciyar dabara
Amplifier da'ira	Gama gari a cikin aji a / b amplifiers for siginar siginar siginar	Wanda aka haɗa tare da NPN a turawa-ja mai amplifier matakai
Direbobi direbobi	Yana motsa motors ta hanyar nutsewa ta hanyar nauyin	Yana fitar da motors ta hanyar fyade na yanzu zuwa ga kaya
Relay iko	Gudanar da bayanan sirri ta hanyar ƙasa ɗaya na COIL	Yana wadatar da wuta ga raƙuman ruwa
Tsarin PLC (Masana'antu)	Amfani da shi tare da kayan aikin shigarwar PLC	An fi so don abubuwan shigarwar PLC
Abubuwan Sensor (E.G., kusanci)	Npn na'urori masu son kai alama low zuwa nuna kunnawa	PNP na'urori masu son kai suna tura siginar zuwa nuna kunnawa
LED Canza	Iko da aka jagoranci ta hanyar haɗawa da Katilo ƙasa	Gudanar da iko da wadatar da halin yanzu zuwa otode
Sauyawa-gefe	Zabi na yau da kullun (Canji da aka sanya tsakanin kaya & ƙasa)	Bai dace ba
High-gefen juyawa	Ba daidai ba	Mafi kyawun zabi (canzawa da aka sanya tsakanin Power & Load)
Na'urorin da aka kashe baturi	Ya dace da tsarin ƙasa mara kyau	Fifi don tsarin ingantattun abubuwa

Bambanci tsakanin NPN vs. transistor transistor

Siffa	NPN transistor	Transistor PNP
Tsarin yanki na semiconducor	Mara kyau-mara kyau-korau (n-p-n)	Tabbatacce-mara kyau-tabbatacce (p-n-p)
Shugabanci na yanzu	Daga mai tarawa zuwa Emitter	Daga Emitter don mai tara
Ganawa	Yana kunna lokacin da tabbatacce voltage / halin yanzu ana amfani da shi	Yana kunna lokacin da tushe yake a ƙananan m fiye da Emitter (babu halin yanzu ko kadan mara kyau)
Yanayin lalacewa	Yana kashe lokacin da aka rage tushe na yanzu ko cire	Yana kashe lokacin da tushe ya zama tabbatacce ko na yanzu yana gudana cikin tushe
Bukatar wutar lantarki don aiki	Na bukatar ingantacciyar wutar lantarki a gindi dangi da Emitter	Na bukatar mummunan wutar lantarki a gindi dangi da Emitter
Tsarin ciki	P-Layer tsakanin n-yadudduka	N-Layer tsakanin p-yadudduka biyu
Canza dabaru	Sensor mai haskakawa - kaya yana tsakanin mai inganci da mai tara	Soyayya Senoror - Load yana tsakanin Emitter da wadataccen wadata
Aiki	An yi amfani da shi a cikin dabaru na dijital da sauya	Amfani a cikin da'irori inda tsoho akan jihar ake bukata
Siginar poulari	An kunna ta da tabbataccen dabaru (tabbatacce voltage)	Kunna dabaru mara kyau (ƙananan ko ƙasa)
Haɗi zuwa kaya	Load da aka haɗa tsakanin ƙiyayya mai kyau & mai tara	Load da aka haɗa tsakanin Emitter & korau (ƙasa)
Qaddamar da kwarara na yanzu	Tattara na yanzu yana gudana lokacin da Jun-Emertter Junction tana nan gaba	Emitster na yanzu yana gudana lokacin da tushen-emitter Junction yana gaba da nuna bambanci

Zabar tsakanin NPN da PNP na transists

Zabi tsakanin NPN da PNP transists ya dogara da yadda da'irar da kuka keɓance ta na yanzu, sarrafa sigina, da kuma sauke haɗi. NPN transists suna da kyau don sauyawa mai ƙarancin ƙasa, inda kaya ya haɗu zuwa kyakkyawan ƙarfin lantarki kuma mai sauyawa ya kammala hanyar zuwa ƙasa.Sun amsa siginar sarrafawa mai kyau.

Da bambanci, PNP masu siyar da PNP sun fi dacewa da sauyawa na hagu, inda suka bayar na yanzu zuwa nauyin.Suna kunna lokacin da siginar sarrafawa ta ƙasa da ƙarfin lantarki, daidaituwa a daidaita da kyau tare da ingantacciyar hanyar dabaru inda babban sigina yana kunna kaya.

Tsarin tsarin kuma yana tasiri kan yanke shawara.Sarin shigarwar kayan fata da aka saba da biyu tare da trans transistors, yayin da m kayayyakin shigar da shigarwar PNP.A cikin yanayin masana'antu, ka'idojin Wiron da aminci da aminci galibi suna bayyana nau'in masu watsa shirye-shiryen da aka fi so.

Ƙarshe

Fahimtar banbanci tsakanin masu sashen NPN da PNP ba su da wahala.Da zarar kun koyi yadda suke aiki da abin da kowanne ya fi kyau, ta amfani da su a cikin kewaya ya zama da sauƙi.Ko kun gina wani aiki ko gyara tsarin, wannan ilimin zai taimake ka ka mai hankali, zaɓuɓɓuka masu aminci tare da amincewa.