Gabatarwa ga fasahar CMS
2024-07-09 6601

Juyin Halitta na lantarki na dijital da aka tsara shi ta hanyar ci gaban karin bayani na karfe-oxide-semicononductor (cmos) fasaha.Gabatarwa cikin martani ga buƙatar saurin sarrafa sauri da mafi inganci shine ingantaccen tsari na CMS tare da ingantacciyar hanya don gudanar da iko da amincin sa.Ba kamar na'urorin watsa labarai na BIPOLAR (BJT) na'urorin, waɗanda ke dogara da kwarara na yanzu, na'urorin cmos suna amfani da ƙofar da ke sarrafawa a halin yanzu, ta yadda ya rage asarar wutar lantarki.Wannan fasaha ta fara yin hadi a cikin kayan lantarki a shekarun 1970, kamar su a cikin agogon lantarki (VLSI) a cikin 1980s wannan da gaske ne a matsayin dutsen na CMOS.A lokacin da Era ta shaida fasahar fasahar ke haifar da dogaro da shirye-shirye, tsayayya da amo, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon daban-daban yanayin zafi da voltages yayin da suke sauƙaƙa aiwatar da tsarin ƙirar gaba.Wadannan kayan haɗin gwiwa ba kawai ya kara yawan translor ba ne kawai daga dubunnan zuwa dijital da na musayar VLISORS, TTL) saboda mahimmin fasahar transistorƙananan ayyukan lantarki.

Tsarin litattafai

Fahimtar fasahar CMS

Haɓaka haɓaka ƙarfe-oxide-semicononductor (cmos) ya kasance babban sashi a wajen ciyar da zane na dijital.Ya fito da yawa saboda buƙatar aiki da sauri da ƙananan amfani da makamashi.Na'urorin jujjuyawar bayanai (BJT), wanda dogaro da kwarara na yanzu, cmos yana amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa na'urori.Manyan banbanci yana taimakawa rage qofar a halin yanzu a ƙofar, yankan saukar da wutar lantarki mai mahimmanci.A shekarun 1970, Cmos da aka yi amfani da shi a yawancin abubuwan lantarki, kamar agogon lantarki.

Tsarin shimfidar wuri a cikin shekarun 1980 tare da yanayin haɗin haɗin gwiwa mai girma (VLI), wanda ya ɗauki cmos saboda dalilai da yawa.CMO yana amfani da ƙasa da iko, yana ba da mafi kyawun amo, kuma yana yin kyau sosai a yanayin da voltages.Hakanan yana sauƙaƙe ƙirar da'irar da ke ƙara dogaro da sassauƙa.Waɗannan fasalolin sun ba da damar karuwa a cikin hadewar kamuwa da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, motsawa daga dubbai zuwa miliyoyin masu transors kowane guntu.

A yau, cmos yana da amfani ga duka dijital da kuma jujjuyawar tsoffin fasahohin da ake watsa su kamar yadda yake haɓaka da ƙarfi da ƙarfi a ƙananan voltages.Amfani da yaduwarta yana amfani da tasirin canjin kayan cmos a kan hanyoyin lantarki na zamani, ya sa ya shafi fasaha don tsarin na yau da kullun don tsarin ci gaba.

Hoto na 1: Yi amfani da don daidaita halayen lantarki

Ka'idar Aiki na CMS

Babban mahimmancin hadin gwiwar karfe-oxide-semiconondector (cmos) yana amfani da wasu masu binciken n-nau'in transists don ƙirƙirar ƙamus na al'ada.Siginar shigarwar guda ɗaya tana sarrafa halayen canzawa na waɗannan masu m transistors, juya ɗaya kan lokaci yayin juyawa.Wannan ƙirar tana kawar da buƙatar juriya na gargajiya da aka yi amfani da su a wasu fasahar semiconductor, sauƙaƙawa ƙirar da haɓaka haɓaka makamashi da inganta ƙarfin makamashi.

A cikin saitin CMOs, n-TypeStors (Karfe-Oxide-oxide-transtoractors transptions transtors) samar da fitarwa na ƙofar dabaru, yawanci ƙasa (vss).Wannan ya maye gurbin tsayayya da da'awar da'irar NMOs, wanda ba su da tasiri a canjin wutar lantarki da mafi yawan ƙarfin iko.Bayan haka, p-Type Mosfoets ƙirƙirar cibiyar sadarwar ja wanda ke haɗa fitarwa zuwa mafi girman wutar lantarki (vdd).Wannan tsari na hanyar sadarwa na Dual yana tabbatar da cewa an sarrafa fitarwa da fitarwa don kowane shigarwar da aka bayar.

Lokacin da ƙofar P-Type an kunna, yana sauya yayin yayin da masu dacewa Mosfet canzawa, da kuma mataimakin.Wannan fassarar ba wai kawai yana sauƙaƙe tsarin gine-gine ba amma har ila yau, haɓaka aikin aminci da aikin na'urar.Fasahar Cmos tana da fa'ida ga masu amfani waɗanda suke buƙatar dogaro da tsarin lantarki.

Hoto na 2: Gabatarwa zuwa CMOS Tech

Mai shiga

Inverter shine farkon kashi a cikin zane na dijital, musamman ga Binary Aritismetic da ayyukan ma'ana.Babban aikin shine ya juya alamar shigarwar tsakanin matakan binary.A cikin sharuddan sauki, a '0' ana ɗaukarsa low ko sifili, kuma '1' yana da girma ko v volts.Lokacin da Inverter ke karɓar shigarwar 0 Volts, yana fitowa akan v volts, kuma lokacin da ya karɓi v volts, yana fitowa 0 volts.

Tebur na gaskiya ya nuna yawanci yana nuna aikin inverter ta hanyar jera duk abubuwan da zai yiwu da kuma abubuwan da suke dacewa.Wannan tebur a fili ya nuna cewa shigar da '0' yana samar da fitarwa '1', da shigarwar '1', sakamakon shigar '0'.Wannan tsari na jujjuyawar ana buƙatar yanke hukunci da yanke shawara a kan sarrafa bayanai a cikin kwamfuta da tsarin dijital.

Ana buƙatar aikin inverter don ƙarin hadaddun dangantakar dijital.Yana ba da ingantaccen kisan ayyukan babban matakin matakin kuma yana taimaka wajen sarrafa kwararar bayanai a cikin da'irori yadda ya kamata.

Tebur 1: Tebur na Gaskiya

CMOS

Inverter mai amfani da tsari ne na inganci a cikin lantarki, wanda ya nuna zane mai sauƙi tare da NMOs da masu siyar da PMOS da aka haɗa a cikin jerin.Gates ƙofofinsu suna daure tare da shigarwa, magawo suna da alaƙa don samar da fitarwa.Wannan tsari yana rage watsar wutar lantarki, inganta kewaye don haɓaka ƙarfin makamashi.

Lokacin da siginar shigarwar ta yi girma (dabaru '1'), NMOS transistor ya juya, gudanar da halin yanzu da jan fitarwa zuwa karancin jihar (dabarar '').A lokaci guda, watsa PMOs yana kashe, yana lalata ingantaccen wadataccen wadata daga fitarwa.Tattaunawa, lokacin da shigarwar ta ƙasa (Labarun ''), watsa na NMOs ya kashe, kuma transistor yana kunna, tuki zuwa babban jihar (Logic '1').

Wannan aiki tsakanin NMOs da masu tallata PMOS suna ba da damar shiga cikin fitowar ta hanyar shigar da wutar lantarki ta v ariat.Ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa transistor daya koyaushe ana kashe shi, incoser inverter ya kiyaye iko da kuma hana hanyar samar da wutar lantarki daga samar da wutar lantarki a ƙasa.Zai taimaka wajen hana ruwa mai amfani.Wannan saitin sasanta na Dual-transistor yana ba da fifiko na farko CMOS a cikin kewayon dijital, wanda ke samar da hanyar da mahimmancin makamashi tare da yawan ƙarfin sigina.

Hoto na 3: Gates Gogin CMOS

Da nmos inverter

Ana gina injiniyar NMOS ta amfani da madaidaiciyar saiti da ingantaccen sa.A cikin wannan sanyi, ƙofar suna aiki kamar shigar, magudanar magudanar kamar fitowar, da duka tushen kuma substrate an ƙasa.Shugaban wannan tsari shine kayan haɓaka-nau'in Mosfet.Ana amfani da ƙarfin lantarki mai kyau a magudana ta hanyar yin tsayayya da tsayayya don tabbatar da madaidaiciyar yaren dama.

Lokacin da shigarwar ƙofar tana ƙasa, wakiltar dabaru '0', babu wutar lantarki a ƙofar.Wannan rashin ƙarfin lantarki yana hana tashar jirgin ruwa daga tsari a cikin Mosfet, yana sanya shi bude baki tare da babban juriya.A sakamakon haka, karamin yanayin yana gudana daga magudana zuwa tushe, yana haifar da ƙarfin lantarki don tashi kusa da + v, wanda ya dace da dabarar '1'.Lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki tabbatacce zuwa ƙofar, tana jan hankalin wayewar shaye-shaye zuwa ƙofar oxide, samar da hanyar n-nau'in Tasho.Wannan tashar tana rage juriya tsakanin tushen kuma magudana, ba da izinin gudana da sauke ƙarfin lantarki zuwa matakin ƙasa, ko dabarar '0'.

Wannan aikin yana nuna nMOSTER ATPTER a matsayin na'urar jan hankali, yana da amfani ga ɗawainiyar Binary.Yana da taimako game da sanin cewa wannan saitin yana cin zarafin ƙarin iko lokacin da a jihar 'ON' jihar.Yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ya taso daga cigaban na yanzu daga cikin samar da wutar lantarki a ƙasa lokacin da transistor ke aiki, mai nuna mahimmin ciniki a cikin zane na NMOS.

ALMOSTER

Hoto na 4: Abubuwan Babis dins

An tsara Inverter na PMOS makamancin haka ga NMOS Inverter amma tare da juyawa haɗin lantarki.A cikin wannan saitin, ana amfani da transistor pmos tare da ingantaccen ƙarfin lantarki wanda aka amfani da su duka substrate da tushe, yayin da ake haɗa shi da ƙasa.

Lokacin da shigarwar wutar lantarki ke da yawa a + v (Logic '1'), ƙarfin lantarki zuwa-tushen son rai ya zama sifili, ya juya masu siyarwa '.Wannan yana haifar da kyakkyawan hanyar tsayayya tsakanin tushen kuma magudana, kiyaye fitarwa harshen wuta ƙasa a dabaru '0'.

Lokacin da shigarwar take 0 Volts (dabaru '0'), tushen harsashin ginin da take zama kamar tushen.Wannan mummunan aikin wutar lantarki yana cajin ƙofar Capacitor, yana juyawa yanayin semicondantor ɗin daga n-nau'in don p-nau'in, da kuma samar da tashar jirgin ruwa.Wannan hanyar tashoshin da ta rage juriya tsakanin tushen kuma magudana, ba da izinin yanzu don gudana kyauta daga asalin zuwa magudana.A sakamakon haka, ƙwayoyin hana fitarwa ya hau kusa da kayan aikin lantarki + v, mai dacewa da dabaru '1'.

Ta wannan hanyar, PMOs transror yana aiki a matsayin na'urar jan hankali, wanda ke samar da ƙarancin tsayayya ga ƙarfin lantarki mai wadata lokacin da aka kunna.Wannan yana sa PMOS ke cikin gida a cikin ƙirƙirar abin da aka tsoratar da dabaru da aminci.Yana tabbatar da cewa fitowar tana da ƙarfi sosai zuwa babban jihar yayin da ake buƙata.

A sashen giciye na CMOs

Hoto na 5: Giciye sashi na CMOs Gate

Matsayi na CMS ya haɗu da NMOs da masu watsa labaran PMOs akan silicon guda silicon, suna haifar da karamin aiki da ingantaccen bincike.Ganin giciye-wannan saitin yana nuna dabarun waɗannan m transistors, ingantaccen aiki da rage tsangwama na lantarki.

An sanya PMOS ɗin a cikin nau'in maɓallin nMu, yayin da aka sanya NMOS a cikin wani yanki na nau'in p-nau'in da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-State da ake kira P-STOD yanki da ake kira P-STOGE Sunan da ake kira P-STOME wanda ake kira P-STOGE WANNA da ake kira P-STOMEWannan tsari yana tabbatar da cewa kowane mai watsa sauyawa yana aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayi mafi kyau.A p-rijiyar aiki a matsayin filin aiki na NMOs transistor kuma ya mallaki hanyoyin lantarki na nMOs da transists trististors, hana tsangwama.Wannan ketelation yana da taimako don kula da amincin siginar da gaba ɗaya CMOS Clinit.

Wannan sanyi yana ba da guntu don canzawa tsakanin manyan dabaru da ƙarancin jihohi da sauri da dogaro.Ta hanyar haɗa nau'ikan masu siyar da masu bincike a ɗaya, ƙirar CMO tana daidaita halayen abubuwan lantarki, suna haifar da mafi tsayayyen ayyukan.Wannan haɗin yana rage girman kuma yana inganta aikin kayan lantarki na zamani, yana nuna haɓaka injiniyan zamani a bayan fasahar cmos.

Rashin ƙarfi na wuta na CMOS

Maballin fasahar fasahar CMS shine ingancinsa a cikin wrat dissisation, musamman a cikin tsokaci ko tsinkaye.Lokacin da ba aiki ba, mai kula da CMS yana jawo ƙananan iko tun daga "kashe" transistor leaks kawai kadan halin yanzu.Wannan tasiri yana da taimako don kula da sharar gida da kuma shimfida rayuwar batir na na'urori masu ɗaukuwa.

Hoto na 6: COMS Sensors- don kyamarorin masana'antu

A lokacin aiki mai tsauri, lokacin da masu kulawa yana satar jihohi, karfin wutar lantarki ya kara dan lokaci.Wannan karu yana faruwa ne saboda, a ɗan gajeren lokacin, duka masu watsa labarai na PMOS sunadarai, suna da ɗan gajeren hanyar kai tsaye don kwarara na yanzu daga ƙasa.Duk da wannan karuwa na m, matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki gaba ɗaya na CMOS Iverter yana da ƙasa da na tsofaffin fasahohi (TTL).

Wannan yana amfani da ƙarancin ƙarfin iko a duk hanyoyin aiki daban-daban yana haɓaka ƙarfin makamashi na cmos.Yin shi da kyau don aikace-aikace inda ake iyakance wadatar wutar lantarki, kamar na'urorin wayar hannu da kuma fasahohin da batir.

Lowerarancin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mutane masu ƙarfi na CMOS na ƙasa yana haifar da ƙasa da zafi wanda ke rage damuwa na zafi akan abubuwan haɗin na'urar.Wannan rage zafi mai zafi na iya tsawan Lifesa na na'urorin lantarki, yana yin fasahar fasahar CMS a tsara tsarin lantarki da tsada.

Halin da wutar lantarki na DC na CMOS

Hoto na 7: Inganta da'irori don ƙarfin iko da Ingancin Ingancin

Halin da wutar lantarki na DC (VTC) na CMS IVOVER shine kayan aiki na farko don fahimtar halayensa.Yana nuna alaƙar da ke tsakanin shigarwar da fitarwa volting a tsaye (ba sauya sheka) yanayi, samar da bayyananniyar ra'ayi game da aikin inverter a fadin matakai daban-daban.

A cikin ingantacciyar Inverter CMOS, inda 'yan wasan PMOS da PMOS suke daidaita, VTC ta kusan aiki.Yana da symmetrocal kuma yana da canji mai kaifin tsakanin manyan voltages a takamaiman bakin aikin aikin wutar lantarki.Wannan ƙofar shine batun inda mai kulawa yana juyawa daga yanayin dabaru guda zuwa wani, da sauri canza daga dabaru '1' zuwa '0' da kuma mataimakinsu.

Tsarin VTC ya taimaka wajen tantance ƙarfin lantarki da ke cikin da'irar dijital.Yana bayyana ainihin maki inda fitarwa za ta canza jihohi, tabbatar da cewa siginar dabaru a bayyane take, kuma rage haɗarin kurakuran da ke cikin iions.

Abbuwan amfãni na fasahar CMS

Fasahar Cmos tana ba da yawan ƙarfin wutar lantarki.Yin amfani da shi da amfani don aikace-aikacen lantarki, musamman ma a cikin na'urorin ko na'urar batir, kamar yadda yake amfani da kuzari kawai lokacin ma'amaloli na jihar.

Tsarin cmos da'irar da yawa yana sauƙaƙe rikice-rikice, yana ba da cikakken tsari, tsarin mahaɗan ayyukan dabaru akan guntu guda.Ana buƙatar wannan fasalin don haɓaka michoroprocessors da kwakwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, haɓaka iyawa, ba tare da faɗaɗa girman jiki na silicon ba.Wannan fa'idar amfani da ke ba da damar ƙarin ƙarfin aiki a kowane yanki yanki, sauƙaƙe ci gaba a cikin karamin aikin fasaha da hadewar tsarin.

Tsarin Taron Fasahar Cmos ya rage tsoma baki, tabbatar da ingantaccen tsari na tsarin tushen CMOs a cikin mahalli heise.Haɗin ƙarancin iko, rage rikice-rikice rikice-rikice, da kuma rigakafin amo mai ƙarfi yana ƙarfafa cmos a matsayin fasahar ganowa a cikin lantarki.Yana tallafawa kewayon aikace-aikace da yawa, daga da'irar da'ira masu sauƙi zuwa hadaddun gine-ginen tsarin dijital.

Hoto na 8: Canjin Fashion Fasali

Sake sake na fasahar fasahar cmos

Fasahar Cmos wani tushe ne na zane na yanki na dijital, ta amfani da NMOs da transists na PMOs akan guntu guda.Wannan hanyar musayar ta hanyar haɓaka ta hanyar sauyawa ta hanyar sauyawa da rage yawan wutar lantarki, wanda yake da amfani a duniyar nan mai sani.

Strearfin da'irar cmos ta fito daga buƙatun wutar lantarki da kyakkyawan amo.Waɗannan halaye suna da amfani don ƙirƙirar ingantaccen ingantaccen dijital hade.Fasahar CMS ta tsayayya da tsangwama na lantarki gaba daya, inganta kwanciyar hankali da aikin tsarin lantarki.

Amfani da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi na CMS da abin dogara aiki ya sa ya zaɓi don aikace-aikace da yawa.Daga kayan lantarki mai amfani zuwa tsarin lissafin kuɗi, daidaitawa na cmos da kuma ingantaccen aiki ya ci gaba da fitar da bidi'a a cikin masana'antar lantarki.Amfani da yaduwarta ya nuna mahimmancinsa wajen ciyar da dijital fasaha.

Ƙarshe

Fasahar Cmos tana tsaye a matsayin salo na kirkirar kayayyaki, gaba da tuki da ci gaban kayan lantarki daga na'urori na asali don tsayayyen tsarin.Saita ta biyu da aka watsa ta nMOs da PMOs a kan guntun sauƙaƙe, ƙarancin wutar lantarki.Rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ba tare da sadaukar da acticiding a cikin zamanin mai ɗaukar hoto ba, na'urorin da aka bayar.Matsakaicin fasaha na fasahar CMOS wajen aiwatar da ayyuka daban-daban da yanayin muhalli ya fadada aikace-aikacen ta a duk yankin da yawa.Yayin da yake ci gaba da samo asali, fasahar cmos na iya taimakawa wajen tsara yanayin wuri mai zuwa na ƙira ta lantarki.Hakan yana tabbatar da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da kirkirar fasaha kuma yana ci gaba da biyan bukatar karuwar bukatar makamashi da kuma mini a cikin na'urorin lantarki.

Tambayoyi akai-akai [Faq]

1. Ta yaya Cks ke aiki a cikin lantarki na dijital?

Karin ƙarfe-oxide-semiconondectoractoractoractorction (cmos) wani yanki ne na yau da kullun a cikin na'urori na dijital, da farko saboda yana sarrafa kwararar wutar lantarki cikin na'urori.A aikace, da'irar CMS ta haɗa da nau'ikan transistors guda biyu: NMOS da PMOs.An tsara waɗannan don tabbatar da cewa ɗaya daga cikin masu m tristers ne ke gudanar da lokaci, wanda ke yin rage ƙarfin kuzarin da ke kewaye da shi.

A lokacin da da'irar CMOS ke aiki, ɗaya transistor toshe na yanzu yayin da ɗayan zai ba shi damar wucewa.Misali, idan siginar dijital na '1' (Babban ƙarfin lantarki) yana shigar da (masu gudanarwa na yanzu), sakamakon ta na yanzu), sakamakon shi a cikin low wutar lantarki ko '0'a fitarwa.Tattaunawa, shigarwar '0' kunna PMOS kuma kashewa da nMOs, yana haifar da babban fitarwa.Wannan sauyawa yana tabbatar da ƙarancin ikon da aka ɓata lokaci, yana yin kyakkyawan cmos yana da kyau ga na'urori kamar na'urorin kwamfuta da kwamfutoci inda ake buƙatar karyar baturi.

2. Menene banbanci tsakanin Mosufet da CMOS?

Mosufet (Karfe-sexonductor filin-esption transistor) wani nau'in transistor da ake amfani da shi don sauya sigina na lantarki.CMS, a gefe guda, yana nufin fasaha guda ɗaya masu haɓaka guda biyu (nmos da pmos) don ƙirƙirar dabarun dabarar dijital.

Babban bambanci ya ta'allaka ne a aikace-aikace da inganci.Mosufet guda ɗaya na iya yin aiki azaman canzawa ko sigina, suna buƙatar ci gaba da kwararar iko da kuma yiwuwar haɓaka ƙarin zafi.CMS, ta hanyar haɗa da NMOs da masu sauƙin PMOs, suna musanya tsakanin amfani da ɗaya ko ɗayan, rage ƙarfin da ake buƙata da zafi da ake buƙata.Wannan yana sa CMOs ya dace da na'urorin lantarki na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓaka da hadari.

3. Me zai faru idan ka share cmos?

Share cmos akan komputa yana sake saita bios (shigarwar asali / tsarin fitarwa) Saiti zuwa tsararren masana'anta.Wannan yawanci ana yin wannan ne don magance matsalar kayan aiki ko matsalolin boot wanda zai iya faruwa saboda ba daidai ba ko lalata saitunan bios.

Don share cmos, yawanci kuna taƙaitaccen takamaiman ɗakuna akan motherboard ta amfani da jumper ɗin ta amfani da jumper na mintina kaɗan.Wannan matakin yana jefa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin bios, yana kawar da kowane saƙo kamar oda, lokacin tsarin, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki, da kuma kayan aiki.Bayan share cmos, ƙila kuna buƙatar sake haɗa saitunan BIOS bisa ga buƙatun cakuda ko karyawar kayan aiki.

4. Menene zai maye gurbin cmos?

Yayinda har yanzu fasahar cmos har yanzu tana ci gaba, ci gaba da bincike na gaba daya don samar da madadin da zasu iya bayar da babbar magana, saurin, da haɗin kai kamar yadda fasahar fasahar ke sauka.

Ana bincika m transists na kwastomomin lantarki na kwashe motocin lantarki, kamar su sama da mafi girman motsi na lantarki fiye da silicon, wanda zai iya haifar da saurin sarrafa sauri.

Yin amfani da ragowar ragi wanda zai iya wanzu a wasu jihohi da yawa a lokaci guda, yana ba da haɓaka haɓaka ƙaruwa don takamaiman lissafi.

Spintronics: Yana amfani da jujjuyawar wayoyin lantarki, maimakon cajin su, don rage bayanai, yiwuwar rage yawan aiki da ƙara ƙarfin sarrafa bayanai.

Duk da yake waɗannan fasahohi sune alƙawari zuwa sabon misali zuwa sabon tsari na dijital zasu buƙaci ƙalubalen fasaha da mahimmancin saka jari a cikin fasahar masana'antu.Kamar yadda na yanzu, CMOS ya kasance mafi amfani da fasaha da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin zangon yanki na dijital saboda amincin sa da cigaba.